![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() 1 In India it had at least twenty-five known recensions, in both Sanskrit and vernacular dialects, including Kannada, Gujarati, Marathi, Braj Bhakha, Malayalam, and Tamil, many of which underwent radical reconstructions, with omissions, errors, variations of text, and entirely new additions. The early studies by Theodor Benfey, Johannes Hertel, and Franklin Edgerton revealed more than two hundred different versions, known in more than fifty languages. The original Sanskrit work is lost, its contents and form partially preserved and often transformed by a panoply of descendants, revisions, and translations. T he Sanskrit Panchatantra, a collection of Indian animal tales, hypothetically originating in literary form around the third century CE, is one of the most widely diffused and translated literary compositions.
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